Metrics for aerial, urban lidar point clouds

This paper introduces five new density and accuracy metrics for aerial point clouds that address the complexity objectives of modern, dense laser scans urban scenes. The describe (1) vertical surface (points per area on surfaces); (2) as a function horizontal density; (3) accuracy; decomposition error into (4) within-pass (5) cross-pass components. Specifically considered is coverage practice overlapping flight passes to reduce occlusions achieve needed twenty-first-century use cases (e.g. curb window detection). application these quartet recent flyovers demonstrates their relevance by establishing efficacy considering sensor position wall height when predicting surfaces; registration accounts disproportionate amount (but not horizontal) provides meaningful parameter compare high-density, clouds; compared accuracy, counterparts are disproportionately impacted (positively negatively accuracy) optimized missions.